Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Article Title: Peanut Sprout Extracts Attenuate Triglyceride Accumulation by Promoting Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation in Adipocytes
doi: 10.3390/ijms20051216
Figure Lengend Snippet: PSE attenuates lipid accumulation in cultures of adipocytes by upregulating fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial oxygen consumption. ( A ) Experimental scheme. 3T3-L1 were seeded on the second day before differentiation ( d-2 ) and induced to differentiation ( d0 , MDI: methyl isobutyl- xanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin). Keep 3T3-L1 cells differentiated into fully differentiated adipocytes until d7. Fully differentiated adipocytes ( d7 ) were incubated with PSE (25 μg/mL) for three days. ( B ) Lipogenic and fatty acid oxidation-related gene expression of PPARγ, aP2, PGC1α, CPT1, and PPARα as determined by qPCR. ( C ) Conversion of [ 3 H]-OA into [ 3 H]-H 2 O. ( D – F ) Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with Veh (blue) and PSE (red) as determined by Seahorse extracellular analyzer. 3T3-L1 cells differentiated into fully differentiated adipocytes. Fully differentiated adipocytes ( d7 ) were incubated with PSE (25 μg/mL) for one day. Arrow indicates the addition of respiratory inhibitors of oligomycin (Oligo), carbonyl cyanide 4-trifluoromethoxy phenylhydrazone (FCCP) and a combination of antimycin A and rotenone (Rot/AA). ( G – H ) OCR in HepG2 cells treated with BSA (black), PA (blue), and PA + PSE (red) as determined by Seahorse extracellular analyzer. HepG2 cells were pre-incubated with PSE (50 μg/mL)for 48 h. BSA or 0.8 mM BSA-PA complex was loaded for 3 h. (I) Relative expressions of UCP1 and PGC1α by qPCR. Pre-treatment of the 3T3-L1 cell with PSE for 7 d during adipogenesis, followed by Bt2-cAMP stimulation for 6 h. All values are presented as the mean ±SEM. n.s. represents no significance. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001 compared with the vehicle control (DMSO-treated cells) by Student’s t -test or one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s comparison test. Means that do not share a common superscript are significantly different as determined by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s comparison test. ++ p < 0.01; +++ p < 0.001 compared with the vehicle control (DMSO treated cells) # p < 0.05; ## p < 0.01; ### p < 0.001 compared with PA-treated HepG2 cells by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s comparison test. +; treatment, -; non-treatment.
Article Snippet: The mouse monoclonal antibodies for aP2 (sc-271529) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA).
Techniques: Incubation, Gene Expression, Control, Comparison